[MOOC - A Brief History of Humankind] Part II Summary & Quiz

Part II: The Agricultural Revolution

Lecture 5: History’s Biggest Fraud

About 12,000 years ago, people in the Middle East, China, and Central America began domesticating plants and animals. In the process, Homo sapiens, too, was domesticated, abandoning a life of hunting and gathering for the pleasures and discomforts of agriculture. For most people, the discomforts outweighed the pleasures. The Agricultural Revolution made the life of the average person harder. Why, then, did it occur? 

Summary Lesson 5-1,2 

By Se-won Ahn in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 5 -3

By Woo Kyoung Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 5 -4

By Woo Keun Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Lecture 6: Building Pyramids

For millions of years, humans lived in intimate bands of no more than a few dozen individuals. Our biological instincts are adapted to this way of life. Humans are consequently ill-equipped to cooperate with large numbers of strangers. Yet shortly after the Agricultural Revolution erupted, humans established cities, kingdoms, and huge empires. How did they do it? How can millions of strangers agree on shared laws, norms and values?

Summary of Lesson 6-1 
By Woo Kyoung Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 6-2 
By Se-won Ahn in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 6-3 
By Woo Keun Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Lecture 7: There is No Justice in History

A critical factor in the formation of complex societies was the division of the population into a hierarchy of groups. Agricultural and industrial societies have been built on hierarchies of class, race, ethnicity, and gender. Why was it impossible to create a just and equal society? What is the deep root of prejudice and injustice? In particular, why did almost all known societies treat men as superior to women?

Summary of Lesson 7-1 
By Woo Keun Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 7-2 
By Woo Keun Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 7-3
By Woo Kyoung Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Summary of Lesson 7-4
By Se-won Ahn in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

[MOOC] Major Player

• Coursera

2012년 4월, 스탠포드 대학의 컴퓨터 과학 교수인 Daphne Kolle와 Andrew Ng이 창립

수강생 : 570만 명

강좌수 : 550개 (인문학, 의학, 생물학, 사회과학, 수학, 경영, 컴퓨터 과학 등 다양한 강좌)

파트너 : 총 107개의 전세계 상위권 대학 및 기관

     

• edX

2012년 5월, MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)와 Harvard University에서 설립

강좌수 : 103개
파트너 : 32개 전세계 상위권 대학

• Udacity

2012년 3월, Sebastian Thrun, David Stavens, and Mike Sokolsky가 설립

강좌수 : 33개 (경영, 컴퓨터과학, 디자인, 수학, 과학 강좌 - 평생교육,직업 교육)

• Future Learn

2012년 12월, 영국의 Open University에 의해 설립, CEO는 BBC에서 11년 이상 근무하며 iPlayer 런칭에 참여했던 Simon Nelson이다.

강좌수 : 36개
파트너 : 26 개의 영국 상위권 대학 및 기관(the British Museum, the British Council and the British Library)

• iversity

2013년 10월 독일 베를린에서 Jonas Liepmann and Hannes Klöpper에 의해 설립.

강좌수 : 26개

[History] Korea Peninsula in 1934

Charles Cave gave me two maps and description.
His grandfather who took a cruise from Melbourne to Asia including China Hong-Kong and Japan left that.

The map was published in Japan and drawn by hand in ink.

At the time, Korea was under Japanese rule(1910-1945)

and Japan had committed acts of brutality.

Still there are remaining problems such as

Dokdo and Comfort women.

Now I don't want to hate them,

but I hope to be able to solve these problems.

I totally agree with Dr. Harari's opinion in his lecture, A Brief History of Humankind,

"The empires, this is what they claimed, the empires bring new medicine. 

They bring new transportation that works, like the railroads. 

They bring new ideas, they bring education, they bring science 
to the primitive people in Africa and India and Australia. 

This is why the empires are good. And they should be supported. 

Now, of course, the reality was very often very far away from these fantasies.

On many occasions, what the European empires brought was war and famine and exploitation and racism

much more than medicines or roads or schools." 

(in the Lesson 12-4 The Marriage of Science and Empire)

[History] Moving Map

Map of Europe 1000 AD to present with timeline

2000 Years of History (1000 BC - 1000 AD)

The world in the last 5000 years

The History of the World's Civilizations in 2 Minutes

[History] Korean War

The Korean War: Causes and Effects

via Education Portal

In summary, between 1945 and 1950, the United States and Soviet Union both wanted to establish its respective ideologies within Korea. By 1950, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel. On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when North Korea, supported by the Soviet Union and China, invaded South Korea, which was supported by the United States. General MacArthur, leader of the United Nations forces, drove the North Koreans back across the divide, yet encountered a Chinese invasion. The war languished for an additional two years until an armistice was reached on July 27, 1953. However, the armistice was not followed by a peace treaty. North and South Korea are still engaged in conflict to this day.

Korean War Overview 

via Khanacademy

Story of Korean War in Colour (Documentary)

[World News] Syria coverage

Debating the U.S. Response to Syria 

Information on the Situation in Syria

Associated Press: US Considers Syria Strike

BBC: Syria Conflict

PBS NewsHour: Your Cheat Sheet to the Syrian Conflict

Al Jazeera: Connecting Syria's Allies and Enemies

Al Jazeera America: Syria’s War

Statement by President Obama on Syria (video and transcript)

Jadaliyya: Syria

Storify - Syria's War / 시리아 전쟁 by prof. Hyungyul Kim

[MOOC - A Brief History of Humankind] Part I Summary & Quiz

Part I: The Cognitive Revolution

Lecture 1: The Human Family

One hundred thousand years ago, at least six different species of humans inhabited planet Earth. Our species, Homo sapiens, was just one among them. Who were the others? Where did they come from? And what happened to them? Why is there today only one species of humans—Homo sapiens?

 Summary 

By Woo Keun Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Lecture 2: The Cognitive Revolution

The Cognitive Revolution, about 70,000 years ago, enabled Homo sapiens to conquer the world and drive all other human species to extinction. During this revolution, Homo sapiens developed a new and remarkable kind of language. How was this language different from the languages of earlier human species and of other animals? What were the advantages that Homo sapiens gained from this unique language?

 Summary 

 By Woo Kyoung Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Lecture 3: Daily Life in the Stone Age

What was life like for people who lived 30,000 years ago? What did they do when they woke up in the morning? How did they organize their societies? Did they have monogamous relationships and nuclear families? Did they have religions, revolutions, and wars?

  Summary 

By Se-won Ahn in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

Lecture 4: The Human Flood

Following the Cognitive Revolution, Homo sapiens spread all over the planet. While doing this, it drove numerous other species to extinction. In Australia, up to 95% of all large animal species vanished. In America, 84 of 107 large mammal species disappeared. Altogether, about half of the large terrestrial mammals that populated Earth became extinct. How could a few million individuals who possessed no more than Stone Age technology have caused such devastation?

4-1 Summary 

By Woo Kyoung Kim in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

4-2 Summary

By Se-won Ahn in A Brief History of Humankind - Korean study group♬

And...

My score of the first quiz ! >_<

Even though it was second try...